The Toyo Proxes 4 (Ultra High Performance) and Falken Ziex ZE-512 (High Performance) are two all-season tires that are available in the four sizes listed in the FAQ.
If you want to be able to use your wheel/tire combo throughout the year and live in a climate which gets snow/ice then definitely go with the all-seasons. I've used the Yokohama AVID V4's through summer and winter and have never had a problem. The taller sidewall will give you a slightly softer ride but not by that much. I would reccomend the 205/45/17 since it is the size BMW chose to go with and will still give pleanty of grip .
Actually, I'm not too familiar with Mini suspension tuning, I'm more of a Honda expert when it comes to suspension. Check out the suspension section and you should get some ideas about what springs to use. I'd say a modest 1"-1.5" drop won't be a problem but again, don't take my word for it since I haven't actually tuned a Mini yet (but I will soon )
Check the tire weight difference too, because you'll want to take off anything possible to gain back some braking and acceleration performance.
'06 MINI Cooper S(10/14/06; Royal Grey/Black)
'02 MINI Cooper CVT(6/12/02; Indi Blue/Black, R-81 7-hole 15x5.5" or NZO 16x6.5")
'67 Austin Cooper S (6/26/67; Tartan Red/Black, 10x4.5")
Rotational mass (essentially the weight of the tires) is a very significant factor in acceleration and braking. Bigger, heavier tires are importantly slower.
This is why you see the rallycross guys running the strong and very light R81 (12.0lb) 7-hole wheels and the much lighter tires versus R90 cross-spoke (24.1lb). The R81 combo can be 26lbs or so, while the R90 may be 50lbs per corner.
Contact patch shape is very different depending on wheel size, and grip is determined by the tire design and compound, but the actual size of the contact patch is determined by the corner weights of the car not the wheels.
'06 MINI Cooper S(10/14/06; Royal Grey/Black)
'02 MINI Cooper CVT(6/12/02; Indi Blue/Black, R-81 7-hole 15x5.5" or NZO 16x6.5")
'67 Austin Cooper S (6/26/67; Tartan Red/Black, 10x4.5")
MINI2 is a wonderful resource because people do share their experiences here, and we can all learn important facts that translate directly into our own decisions. The "Search" function will help you here. Don't limit yourself to just MCS threads either.
It all comes down to what you want, and what type of performance and appearance are important, to you. The big wheels look good and have other benefits, but they can rob significant objective performance.
'06 MINI Cooper S(10/14/06; Royal Grey/Black)
'02 MINI Cooper CVT(6/12/02; Indi Blue/Black, R-81 7-hole 15x5.5" or NZO 16x6.5")
'67 Austin Cooper S (6/26/67; Tartan Red/Black, 10x4.5")
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